Clays and Clay Minerals, Vol. 56, No. 6, 622–632, 2008.
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Authors
Snellings, Ruben
Haren, Tom Van
Machiels, Lieven
Mertens, Gilles
Vandenberghe, Noel
Elsen, Jan
Issue Date
2008
Type
Article
Language
Keywords
Periodicals , Geology , Clinoptilolite , Diagenesis , Karacaderbent , Kizilbuk Formation , Simav Graben , Tuff , Turkey , Western Anatolia , Zeolites
Alternative Title
Mineralogy, Geochemistry, And Diagenesis Of Clinoptilolite Tuffs (miocene) In The Central Simav Graben, Western Turkey
Abstract
Miocene rifting and associated rhyolitic (K-rich) volcanism resulted in the deposition of pyroclastic material in the central Simav graben, near Karacaderbent, Turkey. The pyroclastics were deposited in a lacustrine environment, altered to clinoptilolite-rich tuffs and cross-cut by several transform faults along which hydrothermal fluids circulated. Petrography and quantitative phase analysis by X-ray diffraction show that the Karacaderbent tuff consists mainly of the diagenetic products clinoptilolite, opal CT, smectite, and celadonite. Electron microprobe analyses and cation exchange capacity (CEC) measurements confirm the predominance of K-rich clinoptilolite. Near fault zones, clinoptilolite was replaced by authigenic opal CT and alkali feldspar, and the remaining clinoptilolite was enriched in Na. Silicification around fault zones was confirmed by X-ray fluorescence. Zeolitization of K-rich rhyolitic starting materials took place under mildly alkaline, low-salinity conditions, probably in a closed hydrologic system. The subsequent hydrothermal alteration along faults had only a minor impact. The homogeneous nature, large (74-87 wt.%) clinoptilolite content, large CEC, and K-rich composition of the deposit favor exploitation of this material for applications in agriculture, horticulture, and waste-water purification; as feed additives; and as pozzolans for cement production.
Description
gsccm56603-sne.pdf - 522KB
Citation
Clays and Clay Minerals, Vol. 56, No. 6, 622–632, 2008.
Publisher
The Clay Mineral Society
License
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