The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sport career termination and postsecondary transition on self-determined exercise motivation and athletic identity of college-aged female students who were competitive athletes in high school. This study sought to explore the gap in existing research addressing the impact that the change in athletic identity and the transition for high school to college have on the self-determined exercise motivation of female students. To gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between athletic identity and self-determined exercise motivations for this population, 121 female first-year college students who participated in competitive athletics in high school and were also competing at various levels of sport in college, were surveyed at two universities. Data was collected through the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS) and the Behavior Regulations in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ-3). The overarching question that this study attempted to answer was “To what extent do the termination of competitive sports careers and the transition to college affect the self-determined exercise motivation and athletic identity of first-year female college students who were competitive athletes in high school?” The results of the study indicated a positive correlation between athletic identity and self-determined exercise motivations for female students who had recently transitioned from high school to college and were participating at various level of competitive athletics.