Clays and Clay Minerals, Vol. 54, No. 6, 737–747, 2006.

Abstract

This review is concerned with the synthesis and physical-chemical characteristics of a specific type of modified clay material: Ti-PILCs. The two general synthetic procedures and the main problems associated with the scale-up synthesis of these pillared materials are discussed in detail. The general characteristics of Ti-PILCs in terms of basal spacing, pillar homogeneity, surface area, microporosity, mesoporosity, pore size and distribution, thermal resistance and acidity are discussed in depth. Likewise, the most important synthesis parameters that have a clear and marked influence on the final characteristics of the materials are summarized.