dc.contributor.author	Presler, Katie M.
dc.date.accessioned	2019-03-06T14:29:54Z
dc.date.available	2019-03-06T14:29:54Z
dc.date.issued	2018-11
dc.identifier.citation	Presler, Katie M. "Dark Chocolate Supplementation Elevates Resting Energy Expenditure in Exercise Trained Females," Master's thesis, Valdosta State University, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10428/3320.
dc.identifier.other	FBE88A5E-0903-5F83-44C9-DF31A6A60C07	UUID
dc.identifier.uri	https://hdl.handle.net/10428/3320
dc.description.abstract	PURPOSE: To investigate the influence of dark chocolate (DC) supplementation on resting and steady state exercise metabolism in a group of recreationally fit/athletic females. METHODS: Using a randomized, double-blind design, 18 exercise trained female subjects were assigned to a 30-d supplementation with either 20g•d-1 of 70% DC (n = 9) or a calorically matched white chocolate (WC) (n = 9). Prior to supplementation (PRE), subjects underwent indirect calorimetry assessment for resting energy expenditure (REE) followed by an assessment of exercise energy expenditure (EEE) consisting of steady state cycling for 20 min, 10 min at 50 watts (EEE-50) and 10 min at 100 watts (EEE-100). Upon completion of the 30-d supplementation (POST), subjects repeated the assessment for REE-0, EEE-50, and EEE-100. All data are presented as mean (SE). RESULTS: Pre-supplementation REE (DC 1455 ± 49, WC 1566 ± 49 kcal•d-1, p ≥ .05), EEE-50 (DC 4.85 ± 0.15, WC 4.60 ± 0.15 kcal • min-1), and EEE-100 (DC 7.06 ± 0.16, WC 6.76 ± 0.16 kcal•min-1) were not significantly different between groups (p ≥ .05). Post supplementation REE was significantly increased by 9.5% in the DC group (Δ REE: DC 138 ± 21, WC -30 ± 21 kcal•d-1, p = .001). Neither EEE-50 (DC 4.48 ± 0.16, WC 4.47 ± 0.16 kcal•min-1) nor EEE-100 (DC 6.50 ± 0.17, WC 6.63 ± 0.17 kcal•min-1) were significantly different between groups (p ≥ .05). There was no significant difference within or between group time effects for substrate utilization at rest or during EEE-50 or EEE-100 (p ≥ .05). CONCLUSION: To our knowledge this is the first study to demonstrate that a relatively small daily dosage of DC can significantly elevate REE but does not impact steady state EEE or substrate utilization in a group of athletically fit females.	en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents	I. INTRODUCTION 1 -- II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE 3 -- History 3 -- The Cacao Tree and Bean 5 -- Varieties of Chocolate 6 -- Nutrition Content and Bioavailability 6 -- Medicinal Uses 7 -- Athletic Application 8 -- Summary 9 -- III. MANUSCRIPT 10 -- Introduction 10 -- Methods 11 -- Results 15 -- Discussion 19 -- REFERENCES 24 -- APPENDIX A: Institutional Review Board Approval 31 -- APPENDIX B: Institutional Review Board Expedited Protocol Approval 48 -- APPENDIX C: Investigators Citi Documents 52 -- APPENDIX D: Valdosta State University Health History and Physical Activity Questionnaire 54 -- APPENDIX E: Assessment of Resting Energy Expenditure 58 -- APPENDIX F: Measurement of Oxygen Uptake and Exercise Metabolism 60 -- APPENDIX G: Velotron Laboratory Cycle 62 -- APPENDIX H: Polar Heart Rate Monitor 64 -- APPENDIX I: Recruitment Poster 66	en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents	I. INTRODUCTION 1 -- II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE 3 -- History 3 -- The Cacao Tree and Bean 5 -- Varieties of Chocolate 6 -- Nutrition Content and Bioavailability 6 -- Medicinal Uses 7 -- Athletic Application 8 -- Summary 9 -- III. MANUSCRIPT 10 -- Introduction 10 -- Methods 11 -- Results 15 -- Discussion 19 -- REFERENCES 24 -- APPENDIX A: Institutional Review Board Approval 31 -- APPENDIX B: Institutional Review Board Expedited Protocol Approval 48 -- APPENDIX C: Investigators Citi Documents 52 -- APPENDIX D: Valdosta State University Health History and Physical Activity Questionnaire 54 -- APPENDIX E: Assessment of Resting Energy Expenditure 58 -- APPENDIX F: Measurement of Oxygen Uptake and Exercise Metabolism 60 -- APPENDIX G: Velotron Laboratory Cycle 62 -- APPENDIX H: Polar Heart Rate Monitor 64 -- APPENDIX I: Recruitment Poster 66	en_US
dc.language.iso	en_US	en_US
dc.language.iso	en_US	en_US
dc.rights	This dissertation is protected by the Copyright Laws of the United States (Public Law 94-553, revised in 1976). Consistent with fair use as defined in the Copyright Laws, brief quotations from this material are allowed with proper acknowledgement. Use of the materials for financial gain with the author's expressed written permissions is not allowed.	en_US
dc.subject	Academic theses	en_US
dc.subject	Chocolate	en_US
dc.subject	Cacao	en_US
dc.subject	Human physiology	en_US
dc.subject	Studies and exercises	en_US
dc.subject	Case studies	en_US
dc.subject	Respiratory quotient	en_US
dc.title	Dark Chocolate Supplementation Elevates Resting Energy Expenditure in Exercise Trained Females	en_US
dc.type	Thesis	en_US
dc.contributor.department	Department of Exercise Physiology of the College of Nursing & Health Sciences	en_US
dc.description.advisor	Webster, Michael J.
dc.description.committee	Sanderson, Sonya
dc.description.committee	Fretti, Sarah
dc.description.degree	M.S.	en_US
dc.description.degree	M.S.	en_US
dc.description.major	Exercise Physiology	en_US
dc.description.major	Exercise Physiology	en_US